Cypress CSC-1200T Guia do Utilizador descarregar pdf (Página 12)

12 Cray T3E User’s Guide

The basics of parallel programming are discussed in the textbook De-

signing and Building Parallel Programs [Fos95]. Another good textbook

is Introduction to Parallel Computing — Design and Analysis of Algo-

rithms [KGGK94].

CSC maintains a WWW service called CSC Program Development, which

contains examples of parallel codes, an English-Finnish parallel comput-

ing dictionary, and some other information. The WWW address is

http://www.csc.fi/programming/

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Cray T3E 1
User’s Guide 1
Cray T3E User’s Guide 3 3
Contents 4
Contents 5 5
B Glossary 113 6
Bibliography 118 6
Index 120 6
Introduction 7
1.2 Usage policy 8
1.3 Overview of the system 9
1.4 Programming environment 9
10 Cray T3E User’s Guide 10
Chapter 1. Introduction 11 11
12 Cray T3E User’s Guide 12
Using the Cray T3E at CSC 13
2.2 Files 14
2.3 Editing ﬁles 16
2.5 Executing in batch mode 17
2.6 More information 18
The Cray T3E system 20
3.2 Distributed memory 21
3.3 Processing elements 21
3.4 Processor architecture 23
3.5 Local memory hierarchy 24
26 Cray T3E User’s Guide 26
Processing Element 27
I/O Controller 27
Interconnection 27
Network 27
3.9 File systems 28
3.10 Resource monitoring 29
30 Cray T3E User’s Guide 30
3.11 More information 31
Program development 32
4.3.1 BLAS 34
4.3.2 LAPACK 34
4.3.3 BLACS 35
4.3.4 PBLAS and ScaLAPACK 35
4.3.5 Details 35
36 Cray T3E User’s Guide 36
4.6 More information 38
Fortran programming 40
5.2 Basic usage 41
5.4 Compiler options 42
5.5 Optimization options 42
5.6 Optimizing for cache 44
5.7 Compiler directives 45
5.8 Fortran 90 modules 48
5.9 Source code preprocessing 49
5.10 More information 51
C and C++ programming 52
6.2 The C compiler 53
6.3 Calling Fortran from C 54
6.4 C compiler options 55
#pragma _CRI symmetric var 59
#pragma _CRI unroll [n] 59
6.6 The C++ compiler 61
6.7 More information 61
Interprocess communication 62
7.2.1 Format of the MPI calls 63
7.2.2 Some MPI routines 64
7.2.3 An example of using MPI 64
7.2.5 MPI data types 67
7.3.1 Using PVM on the T3E 68
#include <mpp/shmem.h> 71
INCLUDE ’mpp/shmem.fh’ 71
7.4.2 Data addresses 72
7.4.4 Reduction routines 74
7.4.6 Example of using SHMEM 76
78 Cray T3E User’s Guide 78
0:c= 10121416 78
1:c= 2468 78
80 Cray T3E User’s Guide 80
Batch queuing system 81
82 Cray T3E User’s Guide 82
# QSUB -l p_mpp_t=7000 82
8.3 Status of the NQE job 83
84 Cray T3E User’s Guide 84
8.4 Deleting an NQE batch job 86
8.5 Queues 86
8.6 More information 87
Programming tools 88
9.2 Program Browser 89
9.3 Debugging programs 92
9.3.2 Examining core ﬁles 93
94 Cray T3E User’s Guide 94
9.4.1 MPP Apprentice 95
9.4.2 The appview command 98
9.4.3 PAT 98
9.5.1 The VAMPIRtrace library 100
102
9.5.3 More information 103
Miscellaneous notes 104
10.1.3 The CPU clock timer 105
10.1.4 Example of timing 106
108 Cray T3E User’s Guide 108
10.4 More information 110
About CSC 111
112 Cray T3E User’s Guide 112
Glossary 113
114 Cray T3E User’s Guide 114
Appendix B. Glossary 115 115
Metacomputer Environment 116
Bibliography 118

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