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Appendix B. Glossary 115

Non-malleable Non-malleable programs are ﬁxed at compile time to

run on a speciﬁc number of processors.

NQE Network Queueing Environment, the batch queuing

system on the T3E.

PBLAS Parallel BLAS, parallelized version of BLAS.

PDF Portable Document Format, a format deﬁning the ﬁnal

layout of a document. The native ﬁle format for the

Adobe Acrobat software package.

PE Processing Element, consisting of a microprocessor,

local memory and support circuitry.

PostScript A widespread page description and printer language.

PVM Parallel Virtual Machine, a standardized and portable

message-passing library that is somewhat older than

MPI.

RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer, a processor whose

design is based on the rapid execution of a sequence

of simple instructions rather than on a large variety

of complex instructions.

Scalability A measure of how eﬃciently a parallel program will

work when the number of processors is increased.

ScaLAPACK Scalable LAPACK, parallelized version of LAPACK.

SHMEM Shared Memory Library, Cray’s data-passing library.

SIMD Single Instruction, Multiple Data, a parallel computer

architecture or programming style where many func-

tional units perform the same operations on diﬀerent

data.

Ssh Secure Shell, a program for encrypted communication

between two hosts over an insecure network.

Streams Stream buﬀers, a mechanism to fetch data in advance

from the local memory of the T3E PEs.

Unix The most widely used multi-user general-purpose op-

erating system in the world.

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